Elastic vacuum model

This paper explores a speculative cosmological framework called the Elastic Universe Theory (TUE), based on the idea that the vacuum may behave as a dynamically relaxing elastic medium rather than a passive background. Starting from the question of whether a coherent expansion of all geometric scales could remain locally unobservable while still producing measurable dynamical effects, the work develops an effective dark-energy parametrization named TUE-1. The model is tested against Pantheon+ supernovae, DESI DR2 BAO measurements, H(z) cosmic chronometers, and Planck-inspired priors. The resulting equation of state naturally produces a recent quintessence-to-phantom transition while remaining statistically competitive with CPL-like dark-energy models. The paper also explores possible physical interpretations of the fitted coefficients in terms of vacuum relaxation, weak curvature coupling

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